The Anti-Refrigerator: How Does a Heat Pump Work? - Summary

Heat pumps and refrigerators are actually close relatives. Both devices appear to perform opposite tasks – but a look under the hood reveals amazing similarities.

Heat Pump and Refrigerator: Close Relatives

Device Takes heat from Releases heat to
Refrigerator Interior Environment (back)
Heat Pump Environment Interior (heating)

The operating principle is identical – only the goal is reversed!

The Four-Phase Cycle

  1. Evaporation (Heat Absorption): The refrigerant absorbs heat from the environment and evaporates
  2. Compression (Temperature Increase): The compressor compresses the gas, increasing pressure and temperature
  3. Condensation (Heat Release): Heat is transferred to the heating water, refrigerant condenses
  4. Expansion (Pressure Reduction): The expansion valve releases pressure, refrigerant returns to starting state

The Trick: No Violation of Physics!

The heat pump appears to move heat from cold to warm. The solution: Energy (electricity for the compressor) is used to reverse the natural heat flow. The overall system follows the laws of nature!